Enable shared folder

Go inside the virtual machine and execute the following command:

sudo vmhgfs-fuse .host:/ /mnt/hgfs -o uid=1000 -o gid=1000 -o allow_other

Get back to virtual machine settings and add/enable a new folder. This way, the folder should be accessible for the current user having UID=1000 and GID=1000

Persistent Mounts

Method 1: Specifying the file system

<file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>

1. Replace <file system> with vmhgfs-fuse.
2. Replace <mount point> with the local file system on which the exported directory is mounted, which default replacement is to use /mnt/hgfs
3. Replace <type> with fuse.

Example:
vmhgfs-fuse    /mnt/hgfs    fuse    defaults,allow_other    0    0

Method 2: Specifying the remote server and share

<server>:</remote/export> </local/directory> <fuse-type> <options> <dump> <pass>

1. Replace <server> with the hostname .host the shared folders name of the host server exporting the hosts file system.
2. Replace </remote/export> with the path to the exported directory which defaults to/or you can use the /share-name-you-created.
3. Replace </local/directory> with the local file system on which the exported directory is mounted, which defaults to /mnt/hgfs.
4. Replace <fuse-type> with fuse.vmhgfs-fuse.

Example:
.host:/    /mnt/hgfs        fuse.vmhgfs-fuse    defaults,allow_other    0    0

List messages:

mailq
or
postqueue -p

View message content:

postcat -vq <msgId>

Reprocess messages:

postqueue -f
or
postfix flush

Delete messages selectively:

mailq | tail +2 | awk 'BEGIN { RS = "" } / falko@example\.com$/ { print $1 }' | tr -d '*!' | postsuper -d -

Dump source database:

pg_dump -C -h hostname -U postgres databse > database.sql

Load the structure into the new database:

psql -U postgres -d database -f database.sql

Log in to the database:

psql -U postgres

Execute the following commands:

CREATE DATABASE yourdbname;
CREATE USER youruser WITH ENCRYPTED PASSWORD 'yourpass';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE yourdbname TO youruser;

For PostgreSQL servers with versions greater than 15, we have to run the following:

\c yourdbname
GRANT USAGE, CREATE ON SCHEMA public TO youruser;

To reset NTFS Permissions in Windows 10, do the following:

#for file
icacls "full path to your file" /reset

#for folder
icacls "full path to the folder" /reset

#for folder, files and subfolders
icacls "full path to the folder" /reset /t /c /l

By default, Nautilus is showing the path bar:

Use Ctrl+L to switch to address bar:

In Linux, a group is a unit in which you can manage privileges for several users simultaneously. Linux groups allow you to manage multiple user permissions quickly and easily.

Create

#Create group if it doesn't exist:
sudo groupadd new_group

#Add user:
sudo adduser user_name new_group

or

#Create user and add it to group:
sudo useradd –G new_group new_user

#Set user password:
sudo passwd new_user

Delete

#Remove from group:
sudo gpasswd –d user_name new_group

#or Change user primary group:
sudo usermod –g new_group user_name

List

#All groups:
sudo nano /etc/groups

#or current user groups:
groups

Even if you don’t already know how to use the command, scp should be a bit more familiar to you thanks to its similarity to ssh. The biggest differences come with specifying file/directory paths.

Download file/directory

scp user@ssh.example.com:/path/to/remote/source /path/to/local/destination

scp -r user@ssh.example.com:/path/to/remote/source /path/to/local/destination

Upload file/directory

scp /path/to/local/source user@ssh.example.com:/path/to/remote/destination 

scp -r /path/to/local/source user@ssh.example.com:/path/to/remote/destination 

On Linux, gzip is unable to compress a folder, it used to compress a single file only. To compress a folder, you should use tar + gzip, which is tar -z.

Create archive

tar -zcvf archive.tar.gz folder1/ folder2/ folder3/ ..

Inflate archive

tar -xvf archive.tar.gz